Africa and the Americas is a collection of recent scholarly essays reflecting an important structural feature of the Trans Atlantic Slave Trade. That is its circular nature, departing from Africa, coming to America, and then returning to Africa. Thus the volume is divided into three parts. Starting off, David Eltis, Stephen Behrandt and David Richardson, analyze the slave trade along its national lines and determine that the Portuguese were critically important in the carrying of slaves.
The trans-Atlantic slave trade and the concomitant enslavement of Africans created an enduring connection between Africa and the scattered communities of peoples of African origins in the Americas and elsewhere. These tragic events of slavery have profoundly influenced the literary imagination, whether in Africa, Europe or the Americas. The authors in this collection explore the ways in which trans-Atlantic constructions of this historical experience find expression in the literary mode. The essays examine the ways that writers and performers have used a variety of
The flow of ideas about race, anti-racism and black or African identity across the Atlantic is the focus of this volume of essays drawn from a very special international South-South workshop held on the island of Gorée, Senegal, in December 2002, the aim of which was twofold.
First, it critically assessed the study of fluxes and refluxes, ruptures and reciprocal influences in the relations between the two shores of the Atlantic. Certainly, the relative lack
This collection brings together the key essays on the economic and social history of West Africa of Paul E. Lovejoy, Distinguished Research Professor of History at York University and holder of the Canada Research Chair in African Diaspora History. Lovejoy’s work explores the organization of trade and production in the interior of West Africa, and specifically in the regions of modern Nigeria, Niger, Benin, and Ghana in the pre-colonial era before c. 1900, when Muslim merchants and entrepreneurs dominated economy and society.
The twenty essays in this volume explore the institution of debt bondage in Africa, in which individuals were held as collateral—usually by members of the same family—in lieu of debts that had been incurred. The reliance on personal relationship to guarantee credit arrangements worked well in principal because kinship ties were protected and exploitation levels were thereby limited. Nonetheless, pawnship exposed dependants to the possibilities of enslavement in the event of default on the loan and placed individuals in precarious positions which could result in considerable abuse of original intentions.
This collection brings together the key essays on the history of slavery in the Sokoto Caliphate in West Africa of Paul E. Lovejoy, Distinguished Research Professor of History at York University and holder of the Canada Research Chair in African Diaspora History. Lovejoy’s work explores the role of slavery in the consolidation of the largest state in Africa in the 19th century, particularly in relation to the interior of modern Nigeria, Niger, and Benin before c. 1900, when Muslim merchants and entrepreneurs dominated economy and society.
Slavery, Islam and Diaspora explores slavery in the context of the Muslim world through a study of the African Diaspora. The volume identifies the enslaved population as a distinct social stratum in Islamic societies and reflects on the ways Islam has been used to justify enslavement, liberate slaves, and defend the autonomy of communities. Local perceptions of Islam are shown to have strongly influenced the way people understood slavery.
Based on detailed research, Under the North Star – Black Communities in Upper Canada examines what happened to black refugees once they arrived in Canada. Fugitive slaves and free blacks alike fled to Canada, especially after the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, and in making this move, they revealed the intense resistance to slavery and racism in North America. Like the maroons, cimarones, palenque, and kilombo in the Caribbean, Hispanic America and Brazil, the black communities of Upper Canada asserted their dignity through their independence, hard work, and persistence in maintaining sanctuaries from slavery.
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